Views: 1 Author: 菌物健康 Publish Time: 2022-11-10 Origin: Site
Antler mushroom, scientific name Lyophyllum decastes, belongs to Basidiomycotina, Agaricales, Tricholomataceae, Lyophyllum. In Europe, it is called Fried chicken mushroom, also known as "road base mushroom", "railway mushroom", "lotus leaf mushroom", etc.; in China, it is named as Fried chicken mushroom because its slices are similar to the precious traditional Chinese medicine velvet antler.
Deer antler mushroom has a crisp, smooth taste and delicious taste. Its fruiting body and mycelium have high nutritional value and are rich in dietary fiber. Fruiting body polysaccharide has good biological activity, and has anti-tumor, immune function, antibacterial, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and other effects, and has broad prospects for biomedical development and health food application.
Nutritional value evaluation of deer antler mushroom
Xi Yali et al. found that the fruiting body and mycelium of antler mushroom have high nutritional value, with protein content of 21.4% and 28.3%, fat content of 1.44% and 2.78%, amino acid types of 17 and 18, crude polysaccharide. The content is 3.55% and 1.77% respectively, rich in a variety of B vitamins, niacin and trace elements. Zheng Hongliang's research found that compared with wild antler mushrooms, artificial cultivation has higher crude fiber, ash, VB1 and VB2, ergosterol, and lower crude protein, crude fat and flavor amino acids. Artificially cultivated antler mushrooms are more suitable for consumption.
The effect of antler mushroom polysaccharide
1) Antitumor activity
UkawaY et al. studied the polysaccharides in the water extract of velvet mushroom and found that (1→3)-β-D, (1→6)-β-D and (1→3, 1→6)-β-D Type polysaccharide can inhibit the proliferation of mouse S180 cancer cells. Yan Su et al found in vitro cancer cell inhibition test that antler mushroom polysaccharide has inhibitory effect on human ovarian cancer cells. Liu Ying et al. found that deer antler polysaccharide can inhibit the proliferation of mouse colon cancer cells (CT26), mouse gastric cancer cells (MFC), mouse fibroblasts (L929), mouse tumor cells (S180) and other tumor cells; The inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and growth is achieved by down-regulating the expression of key genes in signaling pathways such as MAPK, Ras, PI3K-Akt, and Wnt.
2) Improve immune function and antioxidant effect
Jia Ning et al. took the immunocompromised mice as the research object and found that after feeding the antler mushroom polysaccharide, the ability of antibody generation, cell synthesis and secretion of antibodies in the mice was significantly improved, the phagocytic ability of peritoneal macrophages was significantly enhanced, and the serum hemolysin The content is also significantly increased, and the superoxide anion free radicals in the body are effectively scavenged, indicating that the antler mushroom polysaccharide can improve the immune function of the immunocompromised mice and enhance the body's antioxidant effect. Sun Siyan et al. found that the antler mushroom polysaccharide has good antioxidant capacity. When the concentration is 1.0 mg/mL, 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine and 2,2′-azido-bis-3 The free radical scavenging rates of -ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid were (45.87 ± 2.12)% and (76.49 ± 1.56)%, respectively; the half-inhibitory concentrations IC50 were 1.40 mg/mL and 0.44 mg/mL, respectively. Nakamura T et al. took X-ray irradiated mice as research objects and found that feeding velvet mushroom polysaccharide can enhance the immune activity of mice.
3) Hypoglycemic and blood lipid function
Miura T et al. took KK-Ay mice (an animal model of hereditary type 2 diabetes) as the test object and found that after feeding the antler mushroom polysaccharide, the content of glucose transporter 4 in the plasma of the test mice increased, which led to the increase of blood sugar and blood sugar in the mice. Serum insulin concentration decreased; but after feeding normal mice with velvet mushroom polysaccharide, it was found that velvet mushroom polysaccharide had no effect on the blood glucose concentration of normal mice. Ukawa Y et al. took rats as the research object and found that after feeding the test rats with antler mushroom polysaccharide, the activity of cholesterol 7a hydroxylase was significantly increased, resulting in an increase in the efficiency of intracellular cholesterol conversion into bile acid. After bile acid was excreted in feces, Serum total cholesterol concentration decreased significantly, but serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not change significantly.
4) Antibacterial effect
Pushpa H et al. found that antler mushroom polysaccharides have broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. Wang Xiaoqin et al. found that the antler mushroom polysaccharide has a certain inhibitory effect on bacteria and fungi. Among the test bacteria, it has the strongest inhibitory effect on Micrococcus terragenus, and among the test fungi, it has the strongest inhibitory effect on Aspergillus nigers. The bacteria had the strongest effect; the minimum inhibitory concentration was 1.094 μg/mL. Yan Su et al. studied the antibacterial effect of antler mushroom polysaccharides on Salmonella typhimurium, Micrococcus kristinae, Staphyloccocus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. , found that the antler mushroom polysaccharide has a significant antibacterial effect on the first two bacteria, and the antibacterial effect on the latter two bacteria is not significant.
